Month	Birthstone	Birth Flower	Guardian Angel	Apostle
January	Garnet	Carnation, Snowdrop	Gabriel	Simon Peter
February	Amethyst	Violet, Primrose	Barchiel	Andrew
March	Aquamarine, Bloodstone	Jonquil, Daisy	Malchidiel	James and John
April	Diamond, White Zircon	Sweet Pea, Daisy	Asmodel	Philip
May	Emerald, Chrysoprase	Lily-of-the-Valley, Hawthorn	Ambriel	Bartholomew
June	Pearl, Alexandrite, Moonstone	Rose, Honeysuckle	Muriel	Thomas
July	Ruby, Carnelian	Larkspur, Waterlily, Delphinium	Verchiel	Matthew
August	Peridot, Sardonyx	Gladiolus, Poppy	Hamaliel	James
September	Sapphire, Lapis lazuli	Aster, Morning Glory	Uriel (or Zuriel)	Thaddeus
October	Opal, Tourmaline	Calendula, Cosmos	Barbiel	Simon
November	Topaz, Citrine	Chrysanthemum	Adnachiel	Matthias
December	Blue Zircon, Turquoise	Narcissus, Holly	Haniel	Paul

Gemstone	Color	Meaning	Moh's hardness	Month
Agate	brown, red, blue, green, yellow	.	7.0	.
Alexandrite	changes: greenish outdoors, violet indoors	tranquility, innocence, longevity, wealth	8.5	June
Amethyst	violet	sincerity, security, peace of mind	7.0	February
Aquamarine	sky blue, greenish blue	beauty, honesty, loyalty, wisdom	7.5 to 8.0	March
Beryl	green, blue, pink	.	7.5	.
Bloodstone	green with red spots	beauty, honesty, loyalty, wisdom	7.0	March
Carnelian	ranges from light brownish-red to deep transparent red	.	6.5 to 7.0	July
Chrysoprase	translucent bluish-green	.	6.5 to 7.0	May
Citrine	yellow	fidelity, providence, good luck, loyalty	7.0	November
Diamond	colorless, tints of various colors	consistency, perseverance, good health	10.0	April
Emerald	green	faith, courage, foresight, love	7.5 to 8.0	May
Garnet	red and other colors	consistency, perseverance, good health	6.5 to 7.25	January
Jade	green, whitish, mauve, brown	.	7.0	.
Lapis lazuli	deep blue	.	5.5	September
Malachite	dark green banded	.	3.5	.
Moonstone	whitish with blue shimmer	tranquility, innocence, longevity, wealth	6.0	June
Onyx	various colors with straight colored bands	.	7.0	.
Opal	whitish with blue shimmer	hope, happiness, truth	4.5 to 6.0	October
Pearl	translucent white, pinkish, black	.	2.5 to 4.0	June
Peridot	green	fame, dignity, protection, friendship	6.5 to 7.0	August
Ruby	red	success, devotion, integrity, freedom	9.0	July
Sapphire	all colors except red	love, mercy, victory, truth	9.0	September
Sardonyx	bands of brownish-red sard and white onyx	fame, dignity, protection, friendship	6.5 to 7.0	August
Serpentine	red and green	.	3.0	.
Topaz	blue, green, pink, yellow, colorless	fidelity, providence, good luck, loyalty	8.0	November
Tourmaline	brown-black, blue, pink, red, violet-red, yellow, green	hope, happiness, truth	7.0 to 7.5	October
Turquoise	greenish-grey, sky blue	prosperity, piety, courage, success	6.0	December
Zircon	white, blue, and all colors	wisdom, honor, riches	6.5 to 7.5	April December

Moh's Hardness Scale
Used for testing hardness of materials, by comparing them with the 10 standard minerals

Mineral	Simple hardness	Moh's hardness
Talc	crushed by finger nail	1.0
Gypsum	scratched by finger nail	2.0
Calcite	scratched by copper coin	3.0
Fluorspar	scratched by glass	4.0
Apatite	scratched by penknife	5.0
Feldspar	scratched by quartz	6.0
Quartz	scratched by a steel file	7.0
Topaz	scratched by corundum	8.0
Corundum	scratched by diamond	9.0
Diamond	.	10.0

Flower	Meaning	Month
Aster	daintiness, symbol of love (China aster) - fidelity, variety, I will think of thee	September
Calendula	.	October
Carnation	fascination, devoted love (pink) - I will never forget you, a woman's love (red) - my heart aches for you, admiration (deep red) - alas! for my poor heart (purple) - capriciousness (solid color) - yes (striped) - no, refusal, sorry I cannot be with you, wish I could be with you (white) - sweet & lovely, innocence, pure love, a woman's good luck gift (yellow) - disappointment, rejection	January
Chrysanthemum	abundance & wealth, cheerfulness, you are a wonderful friend (red) - love (white) - truth (yellow) - slighted love	November
Cosmos	.	October
Daisy	innocence, loyal love, I will never tell, purity, beauty (red) - beauty unknown to possessor (Ox-Eye daisy) - patience	March April
Delphinium	big-hearted, fun	July
Gladiolus	generosity, I am sincere, flower of the gladiators	August
Hawthorn	hope	May
Holly	defense, domestic happiness, am I forgotten	December
Honeysuckle	the bond of love (coral) - I love you	June
Jonquil	love me, affection returned, desire, sympathy	March
Larkspur	levity, an open heart, lightness	July
Lily-of-the-Valley	sweetness, happiness, humility, tears of the Virgin Mary	May
Morning Glory	affection	September
Narcissus	formality, stay as sweet as you are	December
Poppy	eternal sleep, oblivion, imagination (red) - pleasure (white) - consolation (yellow ) - wealth, success	August
Primrose	I cannot live without you, woman (red) - unpatronized merit (Evening primrose) - inconstancy	February
Rose	(bridal) - happiness (burgundy) - unconscious beauty (Christmas rose)- relieve my anxiety (coral) - desire (Damask rose) - freshness, Persian ambassador of love (dark crimson) - mourning (Dog rose) - pleasure & pain (green) - I am from Mars (hibiscus) - delicate, beauty (lavender) - enchantment (orange) - fascination (pink) - perfect happiness, secret love, grace & sweetness, indecision (dark pink) - thankfulness (pale pink) - grace, joy (peach) - immortality, modesty (red) - love, I love you, respect, beauty (deep red) - bashful, shame (Tea rose) - I will remember always (thornless) - love at first sight, early attachment (white) - innocence, purity, humility, I am worthy of you, secrecy, silence (yellow) - joy, jealousy, friendship	June
Snowdrop	hope, consolation	January
Sweet Pea	good-bye, departure, blissful pleasure, thank you for a lovely time	April
Violet	modesty, virtue, affection (blue) - watchfulness, faithfulness, love (white) - let us take a chance on happiness	February
Waterlily	purity of heart	July